If you use Windows today and type ls, cat, grep, or awk in a terminal, there is a good chance something useful will happen. That was not always true. For most of the history of personal computing, ...
The list of inspirations for both Windows and Linux is rather long and it goes as far back as the 1960s.
The Windows vs Linux argument can be easily boiled down quite quickly. If you're after a secure, semi-stable system that doesn't require you to be a power user, stick ...