The Open System Interconnect (OSI) network model, referred to by many as simply a stack, is in fact a well-designed, layered architecture for efficient intersystem and intrasystem communications. In ...

The OSI model defines protocols for how a network technically handles communications at the various functional layers. Starting with electrons and photons at the physical layer (Layer 1), the model ...

From the network layer’s routing magic to the shift toward IPv6 and the nuances of physical versus logical topologies, understanding these concepts is key to building robust systems. As IPv6 adoption ...

According to the OSI Model, the session layer is where connections are established, managed, and torn down. For connection-oriented network protocols, understanding how the session layer works, and ...

From the OSI and TCP/IP models to subnetting, commands, and real-world fixes, understanding networking fundamentals is key to building, maintaining, and troubleshooting secure, efficient systems. By ...

Layer 2 of the OSI model is where we find the Data Link Layer, which provides the mechanism by which data is transferred from node to node across a network. What makes this layer important is that it ...

We recently advised that people in the business of planning, building and supporting computer networks should not lose sight of the mythical OSI Layer 8. We define Layer 8 as the human-to-human ...

We met Mr. Murphy, of “What can go wrong, will” infamy, in the introduction to failure modes and the discussion of failure modes at the foundation levels. Now we will learn his tricks on shared media ...

For many in the communication industry, the open system interconnect (OSI) network model is a simply a stack. But, designers shouldn't be so quick to diminish the value that the OSI model provides to ...