In the first case, there is a strong upward-sloping relationship between X and Y; in the second case, no apparent relationship; in the third case, a strong downward-sloping relationship. Note the ...

The relationships among covariance cov(X, Y), correlation coefficient ρX,Y, and independence between X, Y are widely quoted in the literature. For example, in numerous textbooks one often finds quotes ...

Given two jointly observed random vectors Y and Z of the same dimension, let Y be a reordered version of Y and Z the resulting vector of concomitants of order statistics. When X is a covariate of ...

MANOVA is a statistical test that extends the scope of the more commonly used ANOVA, that allows differences between three or more independent groups of explanatory (independent or predictor) ...