This review describes a method of analyzing acid–base disorders that incorporates insights from the traditional, bicarbonate-centered model and the Stewart (or strong ion) model (Table 1). 1–6 ...

Internal acid–base homeostasis is fundamental for maintaining life. Accurate and timely interpretation of an acid–base disorder can be lifesaving, but the establishment of a correct diagnosis may be ...

The kidneys are responsible for maintaining the balance of acids, bases, fluids and electrolytes in the body, avoiding significant fluctuations that can lead to life-threatening conditions. Acid, base ...